The Effects of Digitalization and Skills on Women’s Labor Market Inclusion- Serbian Gap Study
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Jul 31, 2023
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Abstract
This study aims to indicate the importance of the factors connected to the digital knowledge and skills of women (WDKS) and the institutional support of digitalization (DIS), for women's inclusion in the labor market (WLMI) and employment in a digital age. The impact was valorized by 224 women, as participants in the research provided in 2022 in Serbia, through the Likert scale instrument for 15 claims within the defined research variables, and regression analyses. Findings showed that knowledge and digital skills, and competencies of girls and women (WDKS) are strongly correlated with their social inclusion in the labor market (WLMI). The impact of the DISF, institutional measures, and policies as a set for digital infrastructure, networks, and lows adjustments for the digitization process development is important too as a national framework for the digital economy. These findings of the research contribute to the literature on digitization and new technologies knowledge development, the SDGs goals on gender divide and equality, as to further feminist economics scientific works.
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[3] Ahlstrom, David, Jean‐Luc Arregle, Michael A. Hitt, Gongming Qian, Xufei Ma, and Dries Faems. 2020. "Managing technological, sociopolitical, and institutional change in the new normal." Journal of Management Studies, 57(3): 411–437.
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[5] Bertrand, Marianne. 2011. "New Perspectives on Gender" In O. Ashenfelter and D.E. Card (eds.), Handbook of Labor Economics 4B: 1545–1592, North-Holland, Amsterdam.
[6] Brynjolfsson, Erik, and Andrew McAfee. 2014. "The second machine age: Work, progress, and prosperity in a time of brilliant technologies". New York, NY: W. W. Norton & Company.
[7] Diesendorf, Mark. 2000. "Sustainability and Sustainable Development." In Dunphy, D., Benveniste, J., Griffiths, A., & Sutton, P. (eds) Sustainability: The corporate challenge of the 21st century, Sydney: Allen & Unwin, chap. 2: 19-37.
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[10] Frenken, Koen, Taneli Vaskelainen, Lea Fünfschilling, and Laura Piscicelli. 2020. "An institutional logics perspective on the gig economy." In I. Maurer, J. Mair, & A. Oberg (Eds.), Theorizing the sharing economy: Variety and trajectories of new forms of organizing, 66: 83–105.
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[14] ILO, Women at work. 2016. „Trends 2016“.
[15] Jacobides, Michael G, Carmelo Cennamo, and Annabelle Gawer. 2018. "Towards a theory of ecosystems." Strategic Management Journal, 39(8): 2255–2276.
[16] Leahy, Denise, and Diana Wilson. 2014. "Digital Skills for Employment". In: IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology, 444: 178–189, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-45770-2_16
[17] McKinsey Global Institute. 2017. "Jobs lost, jobs gained: Workforce transitions in a time of automation".
[18] McKinsey Global Institute. 2015. "A labor market that works: Connecting talent with opportunity in the digital age".
[19] Mitić, Nina, Milica Popović, Miroslav Miškić, And Bosiljka Srebro. "The Impact of Competences and Skills on Female Entrepreneurship Development in Digital Era." Limes plus, 2020(3): 65-97. https:// doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4621413.
[20] Mitić, Nina, Miroslav Miškić, Goran Kvrgić, and Jovanka Popović. "The Education, Labor Market, and Social Capital Challenges Posed by COVID-19." Limes plus 2020 (3): 9-37. https:// doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4621413.
[21] Nambisan, Satish, Donald Siegel, and Martin Kenney. 2019. "On open innovation, platforms, and entrepreneurship." Strategic Entrepreneurship Journal, 12(3): 354-368.
[22] Nambisan, Satish, Mike Wright, and Maryann Feldman. "The digital transformation of innovation and entrepreneurship: Progress, challenges and key themes." Research Policy 48(8): 103773.
[23] Popović, Milica, Miroslav Miškić, Boris Jevtić, and Goran Kvrgić. "Information Technologies, Education and Skills for IT Jobs Challenges." Limes plus, 2020 (3): 39-63, DOI: htpps://doi.org./10.5281/zenodo.4627026.9
[24] Radović-Marković, M., Grozdanić, Radmila and Jevtić, Boris (2017). "Razvoj privatnog sektora u zemljama zapadnog Balkana u poređenju sa EU", Institut ekonomskih nauka: Nacionalna agencija za regionalni razvoj. Beograd, ISBN 978-86-89465-11-2
[25] Radović, Markovič, Mirjana, Jelena Kočović, Radmila Grozdanić. 2013. "Entrepreneruship, Finance and Education in the Figital Age", LAP LAMBERT Academic Publishing, ISBN 10:3659412554
[26] Sorgner, Alina, Eckhardt Bode, Christiane Krieger-Boden, Urvashi Aneja, Susan Coleman, Vidisha Mishra, and Alicia Robb. (2017). "The effects of digitalization on gender equality in the G20 economies." https://www.ifw-kiel.de/pub/e-books/digital_women-final_ report.pdf
[27] Vučeković, Miloš, Mirjana Radović Marković, Borislav Đukanović, Svetlana Duković, and Arsen Dragojević. 2021. "Gender Aspects of Working from Home in Serbia." Journal of Women's Entrepreneurship and Education, 1-2 (2021): 18-36.
[28] Statistical Release on Labour Force Survey for the fourth quarter 2022, available at: http://publikacije.stat.gov.rs/G2023/Xls/G20231047.xlsx;
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[30] SORS, 2022. available at: G20231047.pdf (stat.gov.rs)
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[33] World Economic Forum. 2016a. "The Future of Jobs: Employment, Skills and Workforce Strategy for the Fourth Industrial Revolution".
[34] World Economic Forum. 2016c. "Women and Work in the Fourth Industrial Revolution. Future of Jobs Survey." Available at http://reports.weforum.org/future-of-jobs-2016/women-and-work-in-the-fourth-industrial-revolution/
[35] Radović Marković, Mirjana, Zorana Nikitović, Borko Somborac, Aleksandra Penjišević, and Slađana Vujičić. 2022. "Integration of Gender Aspects into Development of Knowledge Management System in The Entrepreneurial Organizations in Serbia." Journal of Women's Entrepreneurship and Education, 1-2 (2022): 154-169.
[36] WEF, 2022
[37] Worthington, R. 2014. "Digitization and sustainability", In: State of the World, Island Press, Washington, DC, 2014: 53–62, https://doi.org/10.5822/978-1-61091-542-7_5.