Catalysts for Change: Examining Prosocial Motivation's Role in Fostering Social Entrepreneurial Intentions Among Women in Matrilineal Cultures
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Feb 28, 2024
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Abstract
Social entrepreneurship is important to attaining the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) worldwide. Currently, women have been heavily involved in social entrepreneurship activities. However, until now, a study involving women of Minang ethnicity (matrilinear lineage) on the student's interest in social entrepreneurship still needs to be completed. The objective of this paper is to look into the impact of prosocial and intrinsic motivation antecedents on women’s social entrepreneurial intention. The inquiry model was tested in this study using a quantitative technique. This study involved 250 Minang students (female)who met the criteria that they had taken lectures for at least two semesters in Padang City. The moderating variables were investigated using the Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA) approach effect of intrinsic motivation (STATA). An interesting finding from this study is that prosocial motivation shows a positive and significant effect on social entrepreneurial intention. The urge to engage in social action triggers them to become social entrepreneurs. Although the results of the moderating effect are not proven, the implications of this investigation are very helpful for the government and higher education to develop a social entrepreneurship ecosystem and social entrepreneurship education. The originality of this paper lies in the fact that previous studies haven’t focused on the role of culture in shaping the social entrepreneurial intention of Minang students.
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[30] Mohammed, U. D., & Ndulue, I. T. (2017). Impact of Social Entrepreneurship on Poverty Reduction in Nigeria: a Study of Wecyclers Social Entrepreneurship Ltd 1 2. International Journal of Development Strategies in Humanities, Management and Social Sciences, 7(3), 63–73. http://internationalpolicybrief.org/journals/international-scientific-research-consortium-journals/intl-jrnl-of-development-strategies-in-humanities-vol7-no3-nov-2017
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[36] Reshma., B., & Sripirabaa. (2019). Entrepreneurial intention and self-efficacy among the women students. Qualitative and Quantitative Research Review, 3(3), 19-44.
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[38] Sharma, S., & Kumar, A. (2021). Can Social Enterprises Create Holistic Women Empowerment? A Case of Indian Artisan Women. Journal of Women’s Entrepreneurship and Education, 2021(3–4), 96–112. https://doi.org/10.28934/jwee21.34.pp96-112
[39] Solórzano-García, M., Navio-Marco, J., & Laguia, A. (2020). The influence of intrinsic motivation and contextual factors on MOOC students’ social entrepreneurial intentions. Interactive Learning Environments, 0(0), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1080/10494820.2020.1769680
[40] Tiwari, P., Bhat, A. K., & Tikoria, J. (2017a). Predictors of social entrepreneurial intention: an empirical study. South Asian Journal of Business Studies, 6(1), 1–25. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40497-017-0067-1
[41] Tiwari, P., Bhat, A. K., & Tikoria, J. (2017b). The role of emotional intelligence and self-efficacy on social entrepreneurial attitudes and social entrepreneurial intentions. 0676 (September). https://doi.org/10.1080/19420676.2017.1371628
[42] Tiwari, P., Bhat, A. K., & Tikoria, J. (2020). Mediating Role of Prosocial Motivation in Predicting Social Entrepreneurial Intentions. Journal of Social Entrepreneurship, 13(1), 118–141. https://doi.org/10.1080/19420676.2020.1755993
[43] Tongel, M. (2016). The socio-cultural aspects of the female entrepreneurship model. Journal for International Business and Entrepreneurship Development, 9(1), 102-117. https://doi.org/10.1504/JIBED.2016.074025
[44] Tran, A. T. P., and Von Korflesch, H. (2016). A conceptual model of social entrepreneurial intention based on the social cognitive career theory. Asia Pacific Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, 10(1), 17–38. https://doi.org/10.1108/apjie-12-2016-007
[45] Yamini, R., Soloveva, D., & Peng, X. (2020a). What Inspires Social Entrepreneurship? The Role of Prosocial Motivation, Intrinsic Motivation, and Gender in Forming Social Entrepreneurial Intention. In Entrepreneurship Research Journal, 12(2), 71-105. https://doi.org/10.1515/erj-2019-0129
[46] Yulianto, A., Feriady, M., & Nurkhin, A. (2023). Learning Model of Female Entrepreneurship in Indonesia: Development of Learning Model Based on the Characteristics and Needs of Female Entrepreneurs. Journal of Women's Entrepreneurship and Education, (1-2), 32-50.
[47] Zaki, I., Widiastuti, T., Yudha, A. T. R. C., Wijayanti, I., & Mi’raj, D. A. (2020). Implementation of Islamic entrepreneurial culture in Islamic boarding schools. International Journal of Innovation, Creativity and Change, 11(11), 452–469.
[2] Ajzen, I. (1975). Belief, attitude, intention and behaviour : An introduction to theory and research. In Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley. (Issue July). Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley.
[3] Ajzen, I. (1991). The theory of planned behavior. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 50(2), 179–211.
[4] Amélie, N., & Julie, T. (2017). Girlz'n the hood: discovering the determinants of social entrepreneurial intention of women in deprived urban areas. International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Small Business. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJESB.2017.10001364
[5] Andri, G., Adawiyah, W. R., Purnomo, R., & Sholikhah, Z. (2020). The minang - Nomads businesses’ performance: The role of proactive personality, creativity and innovative work behavior. Jurnal Pengurusan, 58, 91–104. https://doi.org/10.17576/pengurusan-2020-58-08
[6] Ashraf, M. A. (2019). “Is Old Gold?” the Role of Prior Experience in Exploring the Determinants of Islamic Social Entrepreneurial Intentions: Evidence from Bangladesh. Journal of Social Entrepreneurship, 12(2), 265–290. https://doi.org/10.1080/19420676.2019.1702580
[7] Aure, P. A. H., Dui, R. P., Jimenez, S. V., Daradar, D. D., Gutierrez, A. N. A., Blasa, A. C., & Sy-Changco, J. (2019). Understanding social entrepreneurial intention through social cognitive career theory: A partial least squares structural equation modelling approach. Organizations and Markets in Emerging Economies, 10(1), 92–110. https://doi.org/10.15388/omee.2019.10.00005
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[9] Canestrino, R., Ćwiklicki, M., Magliocca, P., & Pawełek, B. (2020). Understanding social entrepreneurship: A cultural perspective in business research. Journal of Business Research, 110(July 2019), 132–143. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2020.01.006
[10] Cardella, G. M., Hernández-Sánchez, B. R., & Sánchez-García, J. C. (2020). Women Entrepreneurship: A Systematic Review to Outline the Boundaries of Scientific Literature. Frontiers in Psychology, 11(July), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01557
[11] Desa, G. (2010). of a Research Field in Emergence. In Values and Opportunities in Social Entrepreneurship (pp. 6–28). Palgrave Macmillan, a division of Macmillan Publishers Limited.
[12] Diana, M., Hechavarría., S, A., & Brieger. (2020). Practice rather than preach: cultural practices and female social entrepreneurship. Small Business Economics. https://doi.org/10.1007/S11187-020-00437-6
[13] García-González, A., & Ramírez-Montoya, M. S. (2020). Social Entrepreneurship Competency in Higher Education: An Analysis Using Mixed Methods. Journal of Social Entrepreneurship, 14(1), 91-109. https://doi.org/10.1080/19420676.2020.1823872
[14] Ghatak, A., Chatterjee, S., & Bhowmick, B. (2023). Intention towards digital social entrepreneurship: An integrated model. Journal of Social Entrepreneurship, 14(2), 131-151. https://doi.org/10.1080/19420676.2020.1826563
[15] Grisna, A., Veland, R., Anggraeni, P., Dini, T, & Alamanda, D.T. (2021). Key determinants of women’s entrepreneurial intentions in encouraging social empowerment. Service Business, 15(2), 309-334. https://doi.org/ 10.1007/S11628-021-00444-X
[16] Hair, F. (2010). Multivariate Data Analysis. 7th ed. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.
[17] Hastuti, P. C., Thoyib, A., Troena, E. A., & Setiawan, M. (2015). The Minang Entrepreneur Characteristic. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 211, 819–826. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.11.108
[18] Hockerts, K. (2015). The Social Entrepreneurial Antecedents Scale (SEAS): A Validation Study. Social Enterprise Journal, 11(3), 260–280. https://doi.org/10.5465/AMBPP.2013.16805
[19] Hockerts, K. (2017). Determinants of social entrepreneurial intentions. Entrepreneurship theory and practice, 41(1), 105-130. https://doi.org/10.1111/etap.12171
[20] Hulgård, L. (2010). Discourses of social entrepreneurship–Variations of the same theme. EMES European Research Network, 10(1), 2-21.
[21] Ihejiamaizu, G. C., & Inyang, J. J. (2022). Women in Nigeria: Examining the Motivations for Engaging in Social Entrepreneurship. Journal of Women’s Entrepreneurship and Education, 2022(3–4), 126–148. https://doi.org/10.28934/jwee22.34.pp126-148
[22] Jadmiko, P. (2019). Peran Pemediasi Attitude Becoming Social Entrepreneur (ATB) Pada Pengaruh Antara Empati. Jurnal Benefita: Ekonomi Pembangunan, Manajemen Bisnis and Akuntansi, 4, 422–434. https://doi.org/10.22216/jbe.v4i3.4617
[23] Jadmiko, P. (2020a). Linking perceived social support to social entrepreneurial intention: The mediating role of attitude becoming social entrepreneur. Jurnal Menara Ekonomi: Penelitian dan Kajian Ilmiah Bidang Ekonomi, 6(2), 52–60. https://lens.org/069-380-243-063-526
[24] Jadmiko, P. (2020b). Minat Berwirausaha Sosial Dikalangan Mahasiswa. Manajemen Bisnis, 17(2), 189–206. https://doi.org/10.38043/jmb.v17i3.2532
[25] Jadmiko, P. (2021). Perceived Social Support as Moderator Variable Between the Attitude of Becoming A Social Entrepreneur (ATB) on Social Entrepreneurial Intention. Journal of Islamic Economic and Business Research, 1(1), 86–99. https://doi.org/10.18196/jiebr.v1i1.11703
[26] Khan, R. U., Salamzadeh, Y., Shah, S. Z. A., & Hussain, M. (2021). Factors affecting women entrepreneurs’ success: a study of small- and medium-sized enterprises in emerging market of Pakistan. Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, 10(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13731-021-00145-9
[27] Mair, J., Robinson, J., & Hockerts, K. (2006). Social Entrepreneurship. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
[28] Manjaly, N. B., Nimmi, P. M., Joseph, G., & Kailash, N. K. S. (2022). Entrepreneurial Intention of Indian Women University Students: The Role of Entrepreneurial Self-Assessment and Entrepreneurial Passion. Journal of Women’s Entrepreneurship and Education, 2022(3–4), 273–290. https://doi.org/10.28934/jwee22.34.pp273-290
[29] Mohammed, B. S., Fethi, A., & Djaoued, O. B. (2017). The Influence of Attitude , Subjective Norms and Perceived Behavior Control on Entrepreneurial Intentions : Case of Algerian Students, 7(6), 274–282. https://doi.org/10.5923/j.economics.20170706.02
[30] Mohammed, U. D., & Ndulue, I. T. (2017). Impact of Social Entrepreneurship on Poverty Reduction in Nigeria: a Study of Wecyclers Social Entrepreneurship Ltd 1 2. International Journal of Development Strategies in Humanities, Management and Social Sciences, 7(3), 63–73. http://internationalpolicybrief.org/journals/international-scientific-research-consortium-journals/intl-jrnl-of-development-strategies-in-humanities-vol7-no3-nov-2017
[31] Nicolás, C., & Rubio, A. (2016). Social enterprise: Gender gap and economic development. European Journal of Management and Business Economics, 25(2), 56–62. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.redeen.2015.11.001
[32] Oliński, M., & Mioduszewski, J. (2022). Determinants of Development of Social Enterprises according to the Theory of Sustainable Development. Sustainability (Switzerland), 14(23). https://doi.org/10.3390/su142315679
[33] Pangriya, R. (2019). Hidden aspects of social entrepreneurs’ life: a content analysis. Journal of Global Entrepreneurship Research, 9(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40497-019-0199-6
[34] Portales, L. (2019). Social Innovation and Social Entrepreneurship: Fundamentals, Concepts, and Tools.
[35] Radović-Marković, M., & Achakpa, P. (2018). Employment Women Through Entrepreneurship Development and Education in Developing Countries. Journal of Women's Entrepreneurship and Education, 1–2, 17. https://doi.org/10.28934/jwee18.12.pp17-30
[36] Reshma., B., & Sripirabaa. (2019). Entrepreneurial intention and self-efficacy among the women students. Qualitative and Quantitative Research Review, 3(3), 19-44.
[37] Rosca, E., Agarwal, N., & Brem, A. (2020). Women entrepreneurs as agents of change: A comparative analysis of social entrepreneurship processes in emerging markets. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 157(April), 120067. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2020.120067
[38] Sharma, S., & Kumar, A. (2021). Can Social Enterprises Create Holistic Women Empowerment? A Case of Indian Artisan Women. Journal of Women’s Entrepreneurship and Education, 2021(3–4), 96–112. https://doi.org/10.28934/jwee21.34.pp96-112
[39] Solórzano-García, M., Navio-Marco, J., & Laguia, A. (2020). The influence of intrinsic motivation and contextual factors on MOOC students’ social entrepreneurial intentions. Interactive Learning Environments, 0(0), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1080/10494820.2020.1769680
[40] Tiwari, P., Bhat, A. K., & Tikoria, J. (2017a). Predictors of social entrepreneurial intention: an empirical study. South Asian Journal of Business Studies, 6(1), 1–25. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40497-017-0067-1
[41] Tiwari, P., Bhat, A. K., & Tikoria, J. (2017b). The role of emotional intelligence and self-efficacy on social entrepreneurial attitudes and social entrepreneurial intentions. 0676 (September). https://doi.org/10.1080/19420676.2017.1371628
[42] Tiwari, P., Bhat, A. K., & Tikoria, J. (2020). Mediating Role of Prosocial Motivation in Predicting Social Entrepreneurial Intentions. Journal of Social Entrepreneurship, 13(1), 118–141. https://doi.org/10.1080/19420676.2020.1755993
[43] Tongel, M. (2016). The socio-cultural aspects of the female entrepreneurship model. Journal for International Business and Entrepreneurship Development, 9(1), 102-117. https://doi.org/10.1504/JIBED.2016.074025
[44] Tran, A. T. P., and Von Korflesch, H. (2016). A conceptual model of social entrepreneurial intention based on the social cognitive career theory. Asia Pacific Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, 10(1), 17–38. https://doi.org/10.1108/apjie-12-2016-007
[45] Yamini, R., Soloveva, D., & Peng, X. (2020a). What Inspires Social Entrepreneurship? The Role of Prosocial Motivation, Intrinsic Motivation, and Gender in Forming Social Entrepreneurial Intention. In Entrepreneurship Research Journal, 12(2), 71-105. https://doi.org/10.1515/erj-2019-0129
[46] Yulianto, A., Feriady, M., & Nurkhin, A. (2023). Learning Model of Female Entrepreneurship in Indonesia: Development of Learning Model Based on the Characteristics and Needs of Female Entrepreneurs. Journal of Women's Entrepreneurship and Education, (1-2), 32-50.
[47] Zaki, I., Widiastuti, T., Yudha, A. T. R. C., Wijayanti, I., & Mi’raj, D. A. (2020). Implementation of Islamic entrepreneurial culture in Islamic boarding schools. International Journal of Innovation, Creativity and Change, 11(11), 452–469.