Characteristics of Female Leaders and Their Position in the Business World
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Published
Sep 26, 2017
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Abstract
This paper points out the importance of the role of leaders in modern organizations in the context of achieving business success as well as gaining and maintaining competitive advantage in a dynamic and complex surrounding. Special attention has been devoted to the characteristics of female leaders, their style of management, challenges and barriers that businesswomen are faced with in the world and in Serbia as well as the expectations about their future position.
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References
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[13] Ferdman, B. M. (1999). The color and culture of gender in organizations: Attending to race and ethnicity. In G. Powell (Ed.), Handbook of gender & work (pp. 17–34). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
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[15] Judge, A. Timothy, and Ronald F. Piccolo. (2004). “Transformational and transactional leadership: A meta-analytic test of their relative validity”. Journal of Applied Psychology, 89(5):755-768.
[16] Kotter, J. P., (1990) “ Aforce for change: how leadership difers from management”. The Free Press. A Division of Macmillan, USA.
[17] Krishnan, A. Hema, and Daewoo Park. (2005). “A few good women—on top management teams”. Journal of Business Research, 58(12):1712–1720.
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[19] Newport, F. (2001). Americans see women as emotional and affectionate, men as more aggressive: Gender specific stereotypes persist in recent Gallup poll. Retrieved September 10, 2006 from Gallup Brain Web site: http://brain.gallup.com
[20] Powell, N. Gary , Anthony D. Butterfield, Jane D. Parent (2002).Gender and managerial stereotypes: Have the times changed?. Journal of Management, 28(2): 177–193
[21] Radović-Marković Mirjana, Beraha Isidora, Jaško Ana. (2010).”Female Employment in Formal and Informal Sectors of the Serbian Economy”.Journal of Womens Entrepreneurship and Education. br. 3-4/2010: 18-27
[22] Radović-Marković Mirjana. (2005). “Leaders abillities of women and their position in the business world”. Teme.29(3):271/282
[23] Schein, E. Virginia. (2001). “A global look at psychological barriers to women’s progress in management”. Journal of Social Issues, 57(4): 675–688.
[24] Seltzer, R. A., Newman, J., & Leighton, M. V. (1997). Sex as a political variable: Women as candidates and voters in U.S.. elections. Boulder, CO: Lynne Reinner.
[25] Silvestri, M. (2003). Women in charge: Policing, gender and leadership. Portland, OR: Willan Publishing.
[26] Smith, Eric R. A. N. and Richard L. Fox. (2001). “The electoral fortunes of women candidates for Congress”. Political Research Quarterly, 54(1): 205–221.
[76] Stefanović Vidoje. (2004). Tourism management. Niš: Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics.
[28] Wren, A. Daniel, and Dan Voich. (1994). Management- process, structure, behaviour. Belgrade: Economic review.
[29] Yoder, D. Janice. (2001). “Making leadership work more effectively for women”. Journal of Social Issues, 57(4): 815–828.
[2] Adžić, Slobodan. (2008). Leader in marketing. Retrived September 7,2011 from Web site: http://slobodanadzic.tripod.com/htm/liderstvo.htm
[3] Bass, M. Bernard, and Brus Avolio. (1994). Improving organizational effectiveness through transformational leadership. Sage Publication. USA.
[4] Biernat, Monica, and Diane Kobrynowicz.(1997). “Gender- and race-based standards of competence: Lower minimum standards but higher ability standards for devalued groups”. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 72(3): 544–557.
[5] Blau, Francine D. and Lawrence M. Kahn. (2000). “Gender differences in pay”. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 14(4): 75–99.
[6] Burns, J.M. (1978). Leadership. New York: Harper & Row.
[7] Carroll, J. (2006). Americans prefer male boss to a female boss. Retrieved September 10, 2006 from Gallup Brain Web site: http://brain.gallup.com
[8] Catalyst. (2001). Women in corporate leadership: Comparisons among the US, the UK, and Canada. Retrieved September 27, 2006, http://www.catalyst.org/files/fact/US,%20UK,%20Canada%20WICL%20Comparisons.pdf
[9] Eagly, H. Alice, and Carli, L. L. (2004).Women and men as leaders. In J.Antonakis, A. T. Cianciolo, & R. J. Sternberg (Eds.), The nature of leadership (pp. 279–301). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
[10] Eagly, H.Alice, Mary C.Johannesen-Schmidt and Marloes L. Van Engen (2003). “Transformational, transactional, and laissez-faire leadership styles: A meta-analysis comparing women and men”. Psychological Bulletin, 129(4): 569–591.
[11] Eagly, H. Alice; and Steven J. Karau. (2002). “Role congruity theory of prejudice toward female leaders”. Psychological Review, 109(3): 573–598.
[12] Eagly, H. Alice; Steven J. Karau, and Mona G. Makhijani, (1995). “Gender and the effectiveness of leaders: A meta-analysis”. Psychological Bulletin, 117(1): 125–145.
[13] Ferdman, B. M. (1999). The color and culture of gender in organizations: Attending to race and ethnicity. In G. Powell (Ed.), Handbook of gender & work (pp. 17–34). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
[14] Heilman, E. Madeline.(2001). “Description and prescription:Howgender stereotypes prevent women’s ascent up the organizational ladder”. Journal of Social Issues, 57(4):657–674.
[15] Judge, A. Timothy, and Ronald F. Piccolo. (2004). “Transformational and transactional leadership: A meta-analytic test of their relative validity”. Journal of Applied Psychology, 89(5):755-768.
[16] Kotter, J. P., (1990) “ Aforce for change: how leadership difers from management”. The Free Press. A Division of Macmillan, USA.
[17] Krishnan, A. Hema, and Daewoo Park. (2005). “A few good women—on top management teams”. Journal of Business Research, 58(12):1712–1720.
[18] Mullins, L. J. (1990).” Management and organizational behaviour”. London. Pitman Publishing.
[19] Newport, F. (2001). Americans see women as emotional and affectionate, men as more aggressive: Gender specific stereotypes persist in recent Gallup poll. Retrieved September 10, 2006 from Gallup Brain Web site: http://brain.gallup.com
[20] Powell, N. Gary , Anthony D. Butterfield, Jane D. Parent (2002).Gender and managerial stereotypes: Have the times changed?. Journal of Management, 28(2): 177–193
[21] Radović-Marković Mirjana, Beraha Isidora, Jaško Ana. (2010).”Female Employment in Formal and Informal Sectors of the Serbian Economy”.Journal of Womens Entrepreneurship and Education. br. 3-4/2010: 18-27
[22] Radović-Marković Mirjana. (2005). “Leaders abillities of women and their position in the business world”. Teme.29(3):271/282
[23] Schein, E. Virginia. (2001). “A global look at psychological barriers to women’s progress in management”. Journal of Social Issues, 57(4): 675–688.
[24] Seltzer, R. A., Newman, J., & Leighton, M. V. (1997). Sex as a political variable: Women as candidates and voters in U.S.. elections. Boulder, CO: Lynne Reinner.
[25] Silvestri, M. (2003). Women in charge: Policing, gender and leadership. Portland, OR: Willan Publishing.
[26] Smith, Eric R. A. N. and Richard L. Fox. (2001). “The electoral fortunes of women candidates for Congress”. Political Research Quarterly, 54(1): 205–221.
[76] Stefanović Vidoje. (2004). Tourism management. Niš: Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics.
[28] Wren, A. Daniel, and Dan Voich. (1994). Management- process, structure, behaviour. Belgrade: Economic review.
[29] Yoder, D. Janice. (2001). “Making leadership work more effectively for women”. Journal of Social Issues, 57(4): 815–828.